FREELANCE ']3GhCWCm Problem of Evilt.dHField1Field2Field3Field4Field5Field6Field7Field8\g (^"} H ~a"Page 10~~~~~~^o^b"`bbbobdbFhLjlnfnhhǻhj|jjlwp} n n p n rrtv~~~~~~R ~~t_rr Wr up W  &  Ww }&  w  } ``w^}\w^}\   W fn=Arial,fs=350,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=1208,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0?fn=Arial,fs=303,fe=0,fc=284,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=2,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=284,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=0,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0@fn=Arial,fs=350,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0Afn=Arial,fs=334,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=302,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0Bfn=Arial,fs=311,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=605,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0Cfn=Arial,fs=290,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=906,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0Dfn=Arial,fs=268,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=1208,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0Efn=Arial,fs=486,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0Ffn=Arial,fs=461,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=302,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0Gfn=Arial,fs=431,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=605,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0Hfn=Arial,fs=401,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=906,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0Ifn=Arial,fs=371,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=1208,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0Jfn=Arial,fs=332,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0Kfn=Arial,fs=315,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=302,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0Lfn=Arial,fs=295,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=605,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0Mfn=Arial,fs=273,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=906,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0Nfn=Arial,fs=253,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=1208,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0Ofn=Arial,fs=414,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0Pfn=Arial,fs=392,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=302,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0Qfn=Arial,fs=341,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=906,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0Rfn=Arial,fs=315,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=1208,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0Sfn=Arial,fs=303,fe=0,fc=311,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=2,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=311,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=0,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0Tfn=Arial,fs=305,fe=0,fc=311,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=2,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=311,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=0,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0Ufn=Arial,fs=304,fe=0,fc=284,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=2,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=284,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=0,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0Vfn=Arial,fs=299,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0Wfn=Arial,fs=284,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=302,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0Xfn=Arial,fs=266,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=605,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0Yfn=Arial,fs=246,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=906,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0Zfn=Arial,fs=228,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=1208,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0[fn=Arial,fs=390,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0\fn=Arial,fs=371,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=302,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0]fn=Arial,fs=346,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=605,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0^fn=Arial,fs=322,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=906,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0_fn=Arial,fs=298,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=1208,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0`fn=Arial,fs=351,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0afn=Arial,fs=333,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=302,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0bfn=Arial,fs=312,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=605,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0cfn=Arial,fs=369,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=605,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0dfn=Arial,fs=540,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0efn=Arial,fs=513,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=302,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0ffn=Arial,fs=480,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=605,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0gfn=Arial,fs=446,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=906,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0hfn=Arial,fs=413,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=1208,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0ifn=Arial,fs=332,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=906,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0jfn=Arial,fs=342,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0kfn=Arial,fs=303,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=605,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0lfn=Arial,fs=414,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=906,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0mfn=Arial MT,fs=283,fe=32,fc=31,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=2,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=290,bz=100,f2=31,b2=290,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=0,sc=175,ud=0,uw=0,uc=0,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0nfn=Arial MT,fs=490,fe=0,fc=281,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=2,sh=25,st=25,if=302,ip=302,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=290,bz=100,f2=281,b2=290,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=0,sc=175,ud=0,uw=0,uc=0,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0ofn=Arial MT,fs=490,fe=0,fc=281,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=2,sh=25,st=25,if=605,ip=605,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=290,bz=100,f2=281,b2=290,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=0,sc=175,ud=0,uw=0,uc=0,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0pfn=Arial MT,fs=490,fe=0,fc=281,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=2,sh=25,st=25,if=906,ip=906,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=290,bz=100,f2=281,b2=290,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=0,sc=175,ud=0,uw=0,uc=0,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0qfn=Arial MT,fs=490,fe=0,fc=281,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=2,sh=25,st=25,if=1208,ip=1208,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=290,bz=100,f2=281,b2=290,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=0,sc=175,ud=0,uw=0,uc=0,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0rfn=Arial MT,fs=375,fe=32,fc=31,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=2,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=290,bz=100,f2=31,b2=290,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=0,sc=175,ud=0,uw=0,uc=0,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0sfn=Gill Sans,fs=646,fe=32,fc=280,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=0,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=280,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=1,sw=2,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0tfn=Gill Sans,fs=484,fe=32,fc=280,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=0,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=280,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=1,sw=2,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0ufn=Gill Sans,fs=404,fe=32,fc=280,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=0,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=280,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=1,sw=2,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0vfn=Gill Sans,fs=323,fe=32,fc=280,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=0,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=280,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=1,sw=2,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0wfn=Gill Sans,fs=242,fe=32,fc=280,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=0,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=280,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=1,sw=2,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0xfn=Arial,fs=472,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0yfn=Arial,fs=448,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=302,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0zfn=Arial,fs=419,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=605,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0{fn=Arial,fs=389,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=906,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0|fn=Arial,fs=360,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=1208,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0}fn=Arial,fs=401,fe=32,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0~fn=Arial,fs=381,fe=32,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=302,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=356,fe=32,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=605,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=331,fe=32,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=906,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=306,fe=32,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=1208,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill Sans,fs=472,fe=32,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill Sans,fs=448,fe=32,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=302,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill Sans,fs=419,fe=32,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=605,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill Sans,fs=389,fe=32,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=906,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill Sans,fs=360,fe=32,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=1208,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=412,fe=32,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=412,fe=32,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=302,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=412,fe=32,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=605,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=412,fe=32,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=906,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=412,fe=32,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=1208,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill Sans,fs=467,fe=32,fc=311,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=0,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=311,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=0,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill Sans,fs=349,fe=32,fc=311,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=0,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=311,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=0,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill Sans,fs=292,fe=32,fc=311,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=0,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=311,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=0,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill Sans,fs=234,fe=32,fc=311,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=0,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=311,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=0,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill Sans,fs=175,fe=32,fc=311,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=0,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=311,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=0,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=208,fe=0,fc=311,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=2,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=311,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=0,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=370,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=302,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=323,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=906,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=226,fe=0,fc=284,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=2,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=284,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=0,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=276,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=1208,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=555,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=527,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=302,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=493,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=605,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=458,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=906,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=424,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=1208,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=585,fe=34,fc=319,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=319,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=1,sw=2,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=585,fe=34,fc=319,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=302,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=319,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=1,sw=2,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=585,fe=34,fc=319,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=605,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=319,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=1,sw=2,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=585,fe=34,fc=319,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=906,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=319,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=1,sw=2,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=585,fe=34,fc=319,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=1208,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=319,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=1,sw=2,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=472,fe=0,fc=311,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=311,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=448,fe=0,fc=311,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=302,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=311,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=419,fe=0,fc=311,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=605,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=311,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=389,fe=0,fc=311,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=906,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=311,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=360,fe=0,fc=311,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=1208,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=311,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill Sans,fs=555,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill Sans,fs=527,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=302,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill Sans,fs=493,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=605,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill Sans,fs=458,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=906,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill Sans,fs=424,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=1208,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=324,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=302,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=304,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=605,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=281,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=906,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=260,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=1208,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=341,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=275,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=302,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=258,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=605,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=221,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=1208,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=290,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=239,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=906,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=247,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=234,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=302,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=219,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=605,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=203,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=906,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=188,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=1208,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill Sans,fs=472,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill Sans,fs=448,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=302,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill Sans,fs=419,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=605,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill Sans,fs=389,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=906,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill Sans,fs=360,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=1208,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=653,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=620,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=302,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=580,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=605,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=539,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=906,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=499,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=1208,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=501,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=476,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=302,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=445,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=605,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Arial,fs=383,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=1208,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill Sans,fs=760,fe=32,fc=280,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=0,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=280,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=1,sw=2,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill Sans,fs=569,fe=32,fc=280,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=0,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=280,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=1,sw=2,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill Sans,fs=475,fe=32,fc=280,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=0,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=280,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=1,sw=2,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill Sans,fs=380,fe=32,fc=280,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=0,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=280,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=1,sw=2,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill 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Sans,fs=390,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=0,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill Sans,fs=390,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=302,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill Sans,fs=390,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=605,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill Sans,fs=390,fe=0,fc=282,hy=NO,hc=3,qm=0,sh=25,st=25,if=906,ip=0,pl=15,bu=\0,bs=1,pr=0,ll=100,ts=462<0L|,bc=286,bz=100,f2=282,b2=286,bl=0,fx=0,sd=0,sw=1,sc=303,ud=0,uw=1,uc=303,bn=1,ca=,cc=0,ce=0fn=Gill 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Stilwell0000910{name=,r=53}{name=Level2,r=54}{name=Level3,r=55}{name=Level4,r=56}{name=Level5,r=57}o e@V\ \ @@<>Click here to add clip art0000864{name=,r=9}{name=Level2,r=9}{name=Level3,r=9}{name=Level4,r=9}{name=Level5,r=9}o _d$$`Page 48a Basic Layoutk@)['m''m''<>Optional Reading for Week 10000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title@B`5a(5a(<+fe=1>Christianity: 5000 Years of History and Development<=<><=Pages:<=<=3-7<=9-14<=35-38<=47-50<=63-64<=75-76<=<=less than 23 pages!0000965{name=,r=120}{name=Level2,r=121}{name=Level3,r=122}{name=Level4,r=123}{name=Level5,r=124}o _d$$`Page 1a Basic Layoutk@)`m'm'22<>Introductory Comments0000965{name=,r=199}{name=Level2,r=200}{name=Level3,r=201}{name=Level4,r=202}{name=Level5,r=203}o  Page title @Bx.`,,AAA<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Paradice Lost<> - Milton - "Justify the ways of God to men."<=<=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>If God be "omni" <><=<Level2>Why such tribulation and grief?<=Whence evil?<=<=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>The Atheists Challenge<><=<Level2>The logical problem<=<><=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>The Theists Reply<><=<=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Modern Science <+fe=0>help with problem?<><=<=<+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>0000965{name=,r=185}{name=Level2,r=186}{name=Level5,r=189}{name=Level3,r=187}{name=Level4,r=188}o _d$$`Page 139a Basic Layoutk@)['m''m''<>Paradise Lost0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title@B`'t+t+'-<>John Milton in his epic poem, <+fe=1>Paradise Lost<>, has the line:<=<= "to justify the ways of God to men." <=<=Although he wrote this several centuries ago, the idea <=that <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>God's ways needed justifying<> goes back <=thousands of years.0000965{name=,r=120}{name=Level2,r=121}{name=Level3,r=122}{name=Level4,r=123}{name=Level5,r=124}o _d$$`Page 140a Basic Layoutk@)['m''m''<>If God be "Omni"0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title@DB_VJ'J'<+fs=461>Why such tribulation and grief? <=<><=If God was in the rainbow, was He not also in the flood? <=If God gives so much, why does He also take away? <=<=Perhaps it was all supposed to balance out in the end. <=That ultimate balancing act strikes a note of some fairness, <=but upon further reflection I ask, <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>would I as a human being <=give love to someone and then viciously withdraw it<>? <=<=Even a lowly human thinks such traitorous action to <=be evil. How <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>much more evil for the God of <=goodness and love to do such a thing<>? <=0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o _d$$`Page 141a Basic Layoutk@)['m''m''<>Whence Evil?0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title@BVg*g*..(<>Herein lies the problem. <=<=We <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>insist that our God be all-good and all-powerful<> and then <=are at a loss to determine from whence comes evil. <=<=Surely, the all-good and powerful God wants the best for us <=and is able to insure that His wants are accomplished. <=<=If so, does it mean that God is not all-good or not<=all-powerful or, perhaps, doesn't even exist?0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o _d$$`Page 142a Basic Layoutk@)['m''m''<>The Atheist's Challenge0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title@B*V^(^(MMM<>This state of affairs is known as the philosophical and <=theological Problem of Evil. <=<=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Atheists state the Problem in a logical format thusly:<=<><=<|1)<|God is all-good (omni-benevolent) and would therefore<= will our good<=<|2)<|God is all-powerful (omnipotent) and could insure our<= good<=<|3)<|Non-good (evil) things happen to us<=<|4)<|Therefore, there is no God<=0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @,B`1((z1z1z<><= 0000965{name=,r=180}{name=Level2,r=181}{name=Level3,r=182}{name=Level4,r=183}{name=Level5,r=184}o _d$$`Page 2a Basic Layoutk@)`'l''l''<>Theodicy Trilemma0000965{name=,r=115}{name=Level2,r=116}{name=Level3,r=117}{name=Level4,r=118}{name=Level5,r=119}o  Page title @W)[ ` `   <+fs=403+fe=32>A Loving Powerful Good God0000910{name=,r=64}{name=Level2,r=65}{name=Level3,r=66}{name=Level4,r=67}{name=Level5,r=68}o @O"b[`''[`[`[<> <+fe=32+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>omni<>potent<|<|<|<|<+fe=32+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>omni<>-benevolent0000910{name=,r=69}{name=Level2,r=70}{name=Level3,r=71}{name=Level4,r=72}{name=Level5,r=73}o @_ [2))X2X2X<>evil exists0000910{name=,r=69}{name=Level2,r=70}{name=Level3,r=71}{name=Level4,r=72}{name=Level5,r=73}o @ [XpXp   <>Logically, <+fe=32+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314+sd=1>only two<> of the three can exist at the same time!!<=<=These propositions are <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>inconsistent<>.0000910{name=,r=74}{name=Level2,r=75}{name=Level3,r=76}{name=Level4,r=77}{name=Level5,r=78}o @K [    <>A three-pointed<= dilemma0000910{name=,r=58}{name=Level2,r=59}{name=Level3,r=60}{name=Level4,r=61}{name=Level5,r=62}o  NAME=Text1;_d$$`Page 144a Basic Layoutk@)['m''m''<>The Theist's Reply0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title@0BUV (% (%DD><+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Theists, on the other hand, reject this logic<> and have <=struggled for centuries to counter it by justifying <=(Greek: <+fn=Sgreek+fe=1> di/kh <>) the ways of God (Greek: <+fn=Sgreek+fe=1>Qeo/j <>) to man - <=hence the term for solving the Problem of Evil for Theists <=is Theos-Dike or, in English, Theodicy. 0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @|BVh*h*? ? 9 <>It will be the <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>intent of this class<> to examine the <+fe=2>Problem of Evil<>, <=the multifarious <+fe=2>Theodicies to justify it<>, and how <=<+fe=2>modern science<> may shed additional light on this <=ancient subject. 0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o _d$$`Page 145a Basic Layoutk@B`9)9)<>Some <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>mitigating modern sciences<> that will include:<=<=<+fs=542+fe=32+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Quantum theory<+fs=542>,<=Atomic/Nuclear physics,<=<+fs=542+fe=32+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Quantum cosmology<+fs=542>,<=Relativity,<=<+fs=542+fe=32+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Chaos theory<+fs=542>,<=Geology, and<=<+fs=542+fe=32+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Evolution<+fs=542>.<><=<=0000965{name=,r=120}{name=Level2,r=121}{name=Level3,r=122}{name=Level4,r=123}{name=Level5,r=124}o @)['m''m''<>Modern Sciences0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 133a Basic Layoutk@L"^`++gga<>The <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>ancient natural philosophies<> are simply too weak <=to support <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>modern religious thought<>. <=<=Equally, the <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>old religions built on ancient thinking<> <=might have been sufficient for the childhood of the <=human species, but as <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>we enter our adolescence<>, <=we must turn to <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>more reasonable ideas<> that <=are supported by the <+fe=34+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>evidence<>.<=<=<+fs=410>Note: scientists do not concern themselves <=with the POE, theologians do!0000965{name=,r=120}{name=Level2,r=121}{name=Level3,r=122}{name=Level4,r=123}{name=Level5,r=124}o @) ['m''m''<>Why Science0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 30a Basic Layoutk@)`'m''m''<>Course Outline0000965{name=,r=115}{name=Level2,r=116}{name=Level3,r=117}{name=Level4,r=118}{name=Level5,r=119}o  Page title  NAME=Text1;@.'`,,777<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Introductory Comments<><=Religion as an Object of Critical Analysis<|<+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319><=<Level3+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>The Academic Study of Religion<|<Level3><=Ways of Relating Science and Religion<|<=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Some Important Definitions<+fe=32+fc=309+f2=309+f2=309><|<><=Orientation in Ancient Times<|<=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>First <+fe=34+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Interlude of 12<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319> (Prelude)<+fc=309+f2=309+f2=309><|<+fs=309>[story and some science]<><=Evil and the Bible<|<=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>General Solutions to the Problem of Evil<+fc=309+f2=309+f2=309><|<><=<Level3>The Consistency Problem<|<=<Level3+fe=0+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Various Historical Solutions<Level3><|<=<>The Problem of Evil in Ancient Israel<|0000965{name=,r=120}{name=Level3,r=122}{name=Level2,r=121}{name=Level4,r=123}{name=Level5,r=124}o _d$$`Page 33a Basic Layoutk@)`'m''m''<>Course Outline - cont.0000965{name=,r=115}{name=Level2,r=116}{name=Level3,r=117}{name=Level4,r=118}{name=Level5,r=119}o  Page title @.`,,<+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Cognitive Dissonance and Logic-Tight Compartments<|<><=The First Theodicy: Zoroaster<|<=<+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Legacy of the Greeks<|<><=<Level4>A summary of three Greek philosophies<|<=The Greek Mystery Religions<|<=<+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>The Development of Early Christianities<|<><=<Level4>Theodicies of the Three Christian Sects<|<=Additional Heretical Christian Theodicies<|<=<+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>St. Augustine (354-430), Doctor of the Church<|<><=<Level4>Theodicy of St. Augustine<|<=Problems with Augustine's Theodicy.<|<=<+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>The Philosophy of Religion<><=<Level4>The Arguments for the Existence of God<|<=Philosophy's Effect on Christian Theology<|<=<+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Theodicy of John Calvin (1509-1664)<|<><=<=0000965{name=,r=125}{name=Level4,r=128}{name=Level3,r=127}{name=Level2,r=126}{name=Level5,r=129}o _d$$`Page 36a Basic Layoutk@)`'m''m''<>Course Outline - cont.0000965{name=,r=115}{name=Level2,r=116}{name=Level3,r=117}{name=Level4,r=118}{name=Level5,r=119}o  Page title @:.`,,<+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Newtonian Science and Determinism<+fc=309+f2=309+f2=309><|<><=The Theodicy of Leibniz -vs- Voltaire<|<=<+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Darwin's Theodicy<|<><=Emergence<|<=<+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Evolution and Intelligent Design<+fc=309+f2=309+f2=309><|<><=The New Physics and Indeterminism<|<=<+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Recent Orthodox Theodicies<|<><=<Level4>John Hick's Theodicy<|<=Theodicy of Alvin Plantinga<|<=<+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>A Break with Orthodoxy<|<><=<Level4>The Evolutionary Theology of Teilhard de Chardin<|<=Open Theism of the Evangelicals<=Whitehead's Process Theology<|<=<+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>A Rational Theodicy Built on Modern Science<+fc=309+f2=309+f2=309><|<><=Twelfth Interlude (Postlude)<|0000965{name=,r=125}{name=Level4,r=128}{name=Level3,r=127}{name=Level2,r=126}{name=Level5,r=129}o _d$$`Page 15a Basic Layoutk@),`!s'!s'  !<>Religion as an Object of Critical Analysis0000965{name=,r=115}{name=Level2,r=116}{name=Level3,r=117}{name=Level4,r=118}{name=Level5,r=119}o  Page title @LB`s&s&<+fs=585+fc=309+f2=309+f2=309>Academic Study of Religion<><=<Level2>Terms "critical" and "analysis" are harsh<=<><=<+fs=585+fc=309+f2=309+f2=309>Ways of Relating Science and Religion<><=<Level2>From Conflict to Integration0000965{name=,r=130}{name=Level2,r=131}{name=Level3,r=132}{name=Level4,r=133}{name=Level5,r=134}o _d$$`Page 11a Basic Layoutk@) `'m''m''<>The Academic Study of Religion0000965{name=,r=115}{name=Level2,r=116}{name=Level3,r=117}{name=Level4,r=118}{name=Level5,r=119}o  Page title @.--O`?"+?"+<+fs=585+fe=32+fc=309+f2=309+f2=309>Why study religion at all?<><=<=<Level2>Most of the world's <Level2+fe=34>population is involved<Level2> in some <=<Level3>religious activity. <=<Level2>Can not understand a <Level2+fe=34>society<Level2> without understanding <=<Level3>the nature of its religion.<=<Level2>Can not understand much of the <Level2+fe=34>arts<Level2> without knowing <=<Level3>its religious backgrond.<=<=<+fe=32+fc=309+f2=309+f2=309>The academic approach.<><=<=<Level2> How do religions start and evolve based <=<Level4>on strictly<Level4+fe=34> historical evidence.<Level4>0000965{name=,r=135}{name=Level2,r=136}{name=Level3,r=137}{name=Level4,r=138}{name=Level5,r=139}o _d$$`Page 4a Basic Layoutk@)`'m''m''<>Religion and Science0000965{name=,r=115}{name=Level2,r=116}{name=Level3,r=117}{name=Level4,r=118}{name=Level5,r=119}o  Page title @5*`s]']'~s~s~<+fs=688>Can they be related <+fs=688+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>peacefully<+fs=688>?<=<=Both seek to understand <+fs=688+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>ultimate reality.0000965{name=,r=204}{name=Level2,r=205}{name=Level3,r=206}{name=Level4,r=207}{name=Level5,r=208}o _d$$`Page 153a Bulleted Listl+Agenda page for the Training presentation.mk@)['m''m''<>Ultimate Reality0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title NAME=Text1;@]+[}((}}<>Science theory/models and religious mythology both seek to understand reality<=<Level4>Of which <Level4+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>science models<Level4> and <Level4+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>religious myths<Level4> may both be <Level4+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Platonic cave shadows<Level4><-<=<>They both use models to describe this reality<-<=Disaster occurs when our models of reality are <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>mistaken for reality itself<><- 0000910{name=,r=36}{name=Level4,r=39}{name=Level2,r=37}{name=Level3,r=38}{name=Level5,r=40}o Bulleted text NAME=Text2;_d$$`Page 5a Basic Layoutk@s0`++RRR<>Many people are aware of only one or two of the ways that science and religion can relate to each other. Physicist and theologian <+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Ian Barbour<> sees the relationships as <+fe=2+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319+sd=1+sw=0>falling into four categories: <><=<+fs=256> <=<+fs=451+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>1. Conflict:<+fs=451> Science and religion are <+fs=451+fe=2>mutually exclusive<+fs=451>.<= <=<+fs=451+fc=307+f2=307+f2=307>2. Independence: <+fs=451> Science and religion have so little in common that they <+fs=451+fe=2>do not relate to each other<+fs=451> in any meaningful way.<= <=<+fs=451+fc=307+f2=307+f2=307>3. Dialog: <+fs=451> <+fs=449>Science and religion investigate similar questions, using some of the same methods. Therefore <+fs=449+fe=2>meaningful dialog<+fs=449> <+fs=451>between the two disciplines is possible.<=<=<+fs=451+fc=315+f2=315+f2=315>4. Integration: <+fs=451> Science and religion can approach <=questions about the natural world and about the <=divine in <+fs=451+fe=2>completely synergistic<+fs=451> ways. 0000965{name=,r=209}{name=Level2,r=210}{name=Level3,r=211}{name=Level4,r=212}{name=Level5,r=213}o @.'[xv,v, x x<>Ways of Relating Science and Religion0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title NAME=Text1;_d$$`Page 6a Basic Layoutk@0*[++jjj<>The relationship between science and religion, the two disciplines, <+fe=32+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>are at <+fs=525+fe=32+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>war<+fe=32+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>. <> They try to describe the same reality using such different assumptions and methods that the <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>two views are literally mutually exclusive. <><=<=Examples: <=<Level2>in religion - <Level2+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Biblical Literalism<Level2>. <Level2+fs=327>(eg., Phillip Johnson)<Level2><=in science - <Level2+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Scientific Materialism<Level2>. <Level2+fs=327>(eg., Richard Dawkins) <=<><=This model is extremely familiar to people in the <=United States, who often know more about "the <=war between religion and science" than they <=do about any other model of relationship. 0000910{name=,r=41}{name=Level2,r=42}{name=Level3,r=43}{name=Level4,r=44}{name=Level5,r=45}o @)6`s's'<>Ways of Relating Science and Religion - (1) Conflict0000965{name=,r=115}{name=Level2,r=116}{name=Level3,r=117}{name=Level4,r=118}{name=Level5,r=119}o  Page title _d$$`Page 7a Basic Layoutk@-+0Q[5`+`+55<>Also called the <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>"Two Worlds"<> view -religion and science as so different that conflict between them is not possible. <=<=<+fe=0+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311>They ask <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>questions about different things:<> science about the <+fe=32+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>natural world<>, religion about <+fe=32+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>God<> <+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>and about such things as <+fe=2+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>evil<+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>, the existence of an afterlife, or reincarnation. <=<><=They use <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>very different methods of inquiry:<> science <=uses <+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>deduction, experimentation, and analytical <=reasoning<> to investigate its questions, <=religion acquires knowledge through <=<+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>divine revelation.<> <+fs=299>(e.g., Stephen J. Gould)0000910{name=,r=41}{name=Level2,r=42}{name=Level3,r=46}{name=Level4,r=47}{name=Level5,r=45}o @):`s's'<>Ways of Relating Science and Religion - (2) Independence0000965{name=,r=115}{name=Level2,r=116}{name=Level3,r=117}{name=Level4,r=118}{name=Level5,r=119}o  Page title _d$$`Page 8a Basic Layoutk@?0[v++vv<+fs=512>Religion and Science have a great deal in common: <=<Level2+fs=445>Investigate the same things and ask many of the same<= questions.<=Some fundamental differences in methods (<Level2+fs=445+fe=2>objective/<=<Level2+fs=445+fe=0> <Level2+fs=445+fe=2>subjective<Level2+fs=445>) prevent their complete overlap. <Level2+fs=512><=<+fs=512><=Nevertheless, <+fs=512+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>the dialog that can occur between them is substantial and enlightening<+fs=512+fe=32>.<+fs=512> <=<=Barbour places <+fs=512+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Nature-Centered Spirituality<+fs=512> <=within this category. <+fs=293>(eg., Emerson, Thoreau)<><=0000910{name=,r=48}{name=Level2,r=49}{name=Level3,r=50}{name=Level4,r=51}{name=Level5,r=52}o @)4`s's'<>Ways of Relating Science and Religion - (3) Dialog0000965{name=,r=115}{name=Level2,r=116}{name=Level3,r=117}{name=Level4,r=118}{name=Level5,r=119}o  Page title  NAME=Text1;_d$$`Page 9a Basic Layoutk@|0v`: + +:: <+fs=537+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>The Integration relationship:<+fs=537><=<+fs=346> <+fs=346+fe=0> most synergistic proposed by Barbour, <+fs=351+fe=0><= pose the same fundamental questions about reality, and <= ultimately use the same methods to try to answer them.<+fs=253+fe=0> <><=<=<+fe=0+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311>Wherever the two disciplines appear to suggest very <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>different answers<+fe=0+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311> to a particular question, it is up to us to investigate the <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>shortcomings<+fe=0+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311> in our own perceptions of what must be (by this view) a single, universal truth. <><=<=Barbour places <+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Natural Theology<> and <=<+fs=465+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Theology of Nature<> and <+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Systematic Synthesis<> <=within this category. <+fs=306>(eg. Robert J. Russell)0000965{name=,r=140}{name=Level2,r=141}{name=Level3,r=142}{name=Level4,r=143}{name=Level5,r=144}o  Page title\^_`ab NAME=Text1;@)9[s's'<>Ways of Relating Science and Religion - (4) Integration0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 127a Basic Layoutk@hBV. . <+fs=512+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Nature-Centered Spirituality <=<Level2+fs=457+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311>Awe of nature<Level2+fs=445+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311><=Personal spirituality vs. religious institutions<=Rejection of conflicting traditions<=Holism<Level2+fs=461+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314><=<+fs=461+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314><=<+fs=530+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Natural Theology<+fs=530> <=<Level2+fs=460+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311>Starts with science<Level2+fs=400+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311><=God reasonably inferred from design<=Anthropic Principle shows centrality of Man<=Not lead to God of the Bible<Level2+fs=461+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314><=<Level3+fs=300+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311>(eg., Richard Swinburne)<Level3+fs=530+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311><=<+fs=461><=<=<=<+fs=534+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @) ['m''m''<>Cooperation0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title NAME=Text1;_d$$`Page 160a Basic Layoutk@BVB,B,993<+fs=534+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Theology of Nature<+fs=461> <=<Level2+fs=460>Not start with science<Level2+fs=400><=Starts from a commitment to a religious tradition<=Allows one to maintain his or her own community's quest for truth, <= while giving others the same opportunity<=Must reformulate doctrine to match current knowledge of the world<=<Level2+fs=301> (eg., Teilhard de Chardin)<Level2+fs=461><=<+fs=461><=<+fs=521+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Systematic Synthesis<+fs=461><=<Level2+fs=460>Formulated with both science and religion ideas<Level2+fs=400><=Agrees on a basic metaphysics<=Ancient view of God is modified<=Provides a coherent vision of reality<=<Level2+fs=301> (eg., Whitehead, Hartshorne)0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @)['m''m''<>Cooperation - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title NAME=Text1;_d$$`Page 128a Basic Layoutk@BLV((gga<>The obvious disadvantage to the <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>latter two "Ways"<> (3 and 4)<=is that one can no longer claim to have the final and <=ultimate truth because one's doctrines must be modified <=as new information is acquired. <=<=On the positive side, religious bigotry and intolerance inherent <=in the <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>first "Way"<> would be eliminated.<=<=What of the <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>second "Way"<>? It leaves faith undisturbed <=and allows for rational understanding of the real <=world. It also could possibly lead to cognitive <=dissonence.0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @)['m''m''<>Cooperation - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 12a Basic Layoutk@)`'m''m''<>Some Important Definitions0000965{name=,r=115}{name=Level2,r=116}{name=Level3,r=117}{name=Level4,r=118}{name=Level5,r=119}o  Page title  NAME=Text1;@S h.d[jz+jz+<><=<+fs=434+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319+sd=0>Theodicy - <+fs=434+fe=0+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311+sd=0>From the Greek <+fs=434+fe=2+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311+sd=0>Theos Dike<+fs=434+fe=0+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311+sd=0> ( <+fn=Sgreek+fs=434+fe=0+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311+sd=0>Qeo/j di/kh <+fn=Arial+fs=434+fe=0+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311+sd=0>) meaning the <+fn=Arial+fs=434+fe=32+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314+sd=0>Justice of God<+fn=Arial+fs=434+fe=0+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311+sd=0>. "Why do bad things happen to good people?" This is the subject of this course - definitions below are related.<+fs=434+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319+sd=0><=<=Eschotology - <+fs=434+fe=0+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311+sd=0>The study of the <+fs=434+fe=32+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314+sd=0>Last Things<+fs=434+fe=0+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311+sd=0> <+fs=434+fe=2+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311+sd=0>Ta Eschaton<+fs=434+fe=0+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311+sd=0> <=( <+fn=Sgreek+fs=434+fe=0+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311+sd=0>ta/ e)/sxaton<+fs=434+fe=0+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311+sd=0> ). Religious ideas concerning the end of the world and of the individual.<=<=<+fs=434+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319+sd=0>Cosmology<+fs=434+fe=0+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311+sd=0> - The study of the <+fs=499+fe=0+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314+sd=0>Universe<+fs=434+fe=0+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311+sd=0> (cosmos) <=( <+fn=Sgreek+fs=434+fe=0+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311+sd=0>Ko/smoj<+fs=434+fe=0+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311+sd=0> ); origins and operations.0000910{name=,r=53}{name=Level2,r=54}{name=Level3,r=55}{name=Level4,r=56}{name=Level5,r=57}o _d$$`Page 13a Basic Layoutk@= 1Y[CJK,JK,DCDCD<+fs=438+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319+sd=1+sw=0>Apocalypticism<+fs=427> - <+fs=427+fe=0+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311+sd=0>Eschatological beliefs concerning <+fs=427+fe=32+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314+sd=0>revelations<+fs=427+fe=0+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311+sd=0> about a sudden and cataclysmic intervention of God in history; a last judgment; the salvation of the faithful elect; and the eventual rule of the saved with God in a renewed heaven and/or earth. <=<+fs=369><=<+fs=434+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319+sd=1>Myth<+fs=369> - <+fs=427>A religious model, from the Greek <+fs=427+fe=2>muthos<+fs=427> (<+fn=Sgreek+fs=427>mu/qoj <+fn=Arial+fs=427>) meaning a <+fn=Arial+fs=427+fe=32+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>story<+fn=Arial+fs=427>, which in religion has come to mean a <+fn=Arial+fs=427+fe=2>story that teaches a spiritual truth<+fn=Arial+fs=427> <+fs=427>and may be a true depiction of encounters with a sacred reality.<=It's a <+fs=427+fe=2>Traditional<+fs=427> <+fs=427+fe=2>Story<+fs=427> about <+fs=427+fe=2>Superhuman<+fs=427> Beings.<=<+fs=369><=<+fs=286>Other definitions will be given as encountered. ASK - if I forget!!<+fs=434>0000910{name=,r=53}{name=Level2,r=54}{name=Level3,r=55}{name=Level4,r=56}{name=Level5,r=57}o @)$`!s'!s'  !<>Some Important Definitions - Cont.0000965{name=,r=115}{name=Level2,r=116}{name=Level3,r=117}{name=Level4,r=118}{name=Level5,r=119}o  Page title _d$$`Page 156a Basic Layoutk@)['m''m''<>Categories of Religion0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title@BVu''u{<>Christianity, falls into the category of <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>monotheism<>, as do the <=other great religions of the West - Judaism, and Islam. <=<=These are the <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>ones having the most difficulty with the <=Problem of Evil<>. <=<=There are many other categories of religion, many of which <=<+fe=2>avoid our problem<> altogether. <+fs=302>(see next chart).<><=<=<=0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o _d$$`Page 157a Basic Layoutk@XB2d`7-7-PPP<>The major categories are defined in below:<=<=<+fs=294+fe=2>Category<|<|Brief Definition<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|Example<=<+fs=294><=<+fs=338+fc=307+f2=307+f2=307>Dynamism<+fs=294+fc=307+f2=307+f2=307><|<+fs=338>A few natural objects are seen as having power.<+fs=294><|<|<|<|Primitive*<=<+fs=338+fc=307+f2=307+f2=307>Animism<+fs=294><|<|<+fs=338>Most or all natural objects are inhabited by spirits.<|<+fs=294><|<|Primitive<=<+fs=338+fc=307+f2=307+f2=307>Polytheism<+fs=294><|<+fs=292+fe=0>The many gods are considered to be in charge of natural objects.<+fs=294><|Greeks<=<+fs=338+fc=307+f2=307+f2=307>Pantheism<+fs=294+fc=307+f2=307+f2=307><|<+fs=338>God is in and equated with all natural things.<+fs=294><|<|<|<|<|Taoism<=<+fs=338+fc=307+f2=307+f2=307>Dualism<+fs=294><|<|<+fs=338>There are two equal or nearly equal gods.<+fs=294><|<|<|<|<|<|Zoroastrianism<=<+fs=338+fc=307+f2=307+f2=307>Henotheism<+fs=294><|<+fs=293+fe=0>Other gods are recognized but only "our" god is supreme.<+fs=294><|<|<|Israelites<=<+fs=338+fc=307+f2=307+f2=307>Deism<+fs=294+fc=307+f2=307+f2=307> <+fs=294><|<|A supreme being is responsible for initiating everything.<|<|<|The Enlightenment<=<+fs=338+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Traditional <= Monotheism<+fs=294><|A supreme being (with <+fs=294+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>attribut<+fs=293+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>es<+fs=293> of omnipotence, omniscience <=<Level5+fs=293> and omnibenevelance) has a personal interest in his creation.<|<|Judaism, <= <|<|<|<|Christianity,<= Islam<=<+fs=254><=<+fs=220>* Primitive is not meant to be derogatory, and would include many ancient and modern tribal societies on every continent. <Level5+fs=451>0000965{name=,r=174}{name=Level5,r=173}{name=Level2,r=170}{name=Level3,r=107}{name=Level4,r=172}o @)['m''m''<>Table of Religion Categories0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title NAME=Text1;@>BVSs)s)SY<+fs=293+fe=32+fc=309+f2=309+f2=309>Evolutionary <= Theism <+fs=293><|<|The ultimate reality is seen as a development of events <=<Level5+fs=293>rather than as a completed static substance.<|<|<|<|<|Process Philosophy<=0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level5,r=5}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}o _d$$`Page 135a Basic Layoutk@B Vl)l)vvp<+fs=461>Most of the categories are examples of <+fs=461+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>theisms<+fs=461>: <=<Level2+fs=438>- The belief in personalized gods or spirits that are <=considered worthy of worship. <=- These gods are thought to have human-like emotions <= and an interest in <Level2+fs=437>interaction<Level2+fs=438> with human beings. <=<=<+fs=461>The <+fs=461+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>non-theistic<+fs=461> religious types (Dynamism, Animism, <=and Deism) reject these anthropomorphic <=characteristics. 0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @)['m''m''<>Table of Categories - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 158a Basic Layoutk@)['m''m''<>Orientation in Time0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title@BV * *<>Our time frame of interest in this class will be but a tiny fragment <=of universal history. <=<=Our study is concerned with the <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>past 3500 years<> out of some <=12,000 years of human civilization. <=<=Human beings have been around for at least 4,000,000 years <=out of the 4,600,000,000 years of the earth's existence <=(and three times that for the existence of our <=observable universe). 0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o _d$$`Page 125a Basic Layoutk@).`'l''l''<>Timelines - The <+fe=34>Really<> Big Picture0000965{name=,r=115}{name=Level2,r=116}{name=Level3,r=117}{name=Level4,r=118}{name=Level5,r=119}o  Page title  NAME=Text1;@BK*[<(( < < <>The Known Universe<|<|<|~15 Billion Years Ago<=<=Our Solar System<|<|<|<|<|4.6 Billion Years Ago<=<=Human Prehistory<|<|<|<|<|>4 Million Years Ago<=<=Early Human Civilizations<|12 Thousand Years Ago<=<=Events Under Study Here<|1500 BCE to Present <=0000910{name=,r=58}{name=Level2,r=59}{name=Level3,r=60}{name=Level4,r=61}{name=Level5,r=62}o  NAME=Text2;_d$$`Page 138a Basic Layoutk@)$['m''m''<>Timelines - The Really Big Picture0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title@B~`J',J',<>The following <+fe=32+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>graphics <>will be used to illustrate <=the various time periods under discussion0000965{name=,r=150}{name=Level2,r=151}{name=Level3,r=152}{name=Level4,r=153}{name=Level5,r=154}o _d$$`Page 162k@%`XH)H) X X <>Time Frame - Age of Cosmos0000965{name=,r=155}{name=Level2,r=156}{name=Level3,r=157}{name=Level4,r=158}{name=Level5,r=159}o  NAME=Text2;4"#$~P$+P$+]!~]!@M-`]p$*$*HpHpH<>15 B 10B 5B Now0000932{name=,r=91}{name=Level2,r=146}{name=Level3,r=93}{name=Level4,r=147}{name=Level5,r=95}o  NAME=Text1;A:#$xx A:#$7;,+;,+; 7; @pBp`Y*Y*<+fs=542>The ~15 Billion Year History of the Universe:<><=<=The 1st Billion years The last 5 billion years0000965{name=,r=120}{name=Level2,r=121}{name=Level3,r=122}{name=Level4,r=123}{name=Level5,r=124}o ?&"du  ?&"d ; _d$$`Page 146a Basic Layoutk@,$[!"*!"*  !<>Time Frame - Age of Cosmos - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title NAME=Text1;@"Bz(`k(&k(&<>The four differrent timescales correspond to:<=<=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Bottom<> <|-- shows 15 Billion years BP to present<=<=Next up -- shows approx 1/<+fe=32+sc=314>3<> rd of bottom<=<=Next up -- shows 1/<+fe=32>30<> th of bottom <=<=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Top <><|<|-- shows 1/<+fe=32>15,000<> th of bottom<=<=Civilization covers 1/<+fe=32>1,250,000<> th of bottom<= (would be <+fe=32+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>0.07 seconds on a 24 hour clock<>)0000965{name=,r=160}{name=Level2,r=161}{name=Level3,r=162}{name=Level4,r=163}{name=Level5,r=164}o _d$$`Page 147a Basic Layoutk@1,[wd,d, w w<>Time Frame - Age of Earth vs. Civilization0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title NAME=Text1;@BV|,|,<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Place/Entity/Person<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|Date BCE<><=Earth forms 4,600.000,000<=Earth cools<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|4,000,000,000<|<=Single celled life 3,800,000,000<=Vertebrates<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<| 500,000,000<=Appalachian mountains form<|<|<|<|<| 375,000,000<=Dinosaurs begin<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<| 250,000,000<=Dinosaurs extinct<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<| 65,000,000<|<|<|<|<|<|<=Primates<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<| 50,000,000<=Hominids<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<| 5,000,000 <=Australopithecus "Lucy"<|<|<|<|<|<|<| 3,500,000<|<=Homo Sapiens<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<| 400,000 <=Homo Sapiens Neanderthal<|<|<|<|<|<|<| 200,000<=<+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Modern Humans <+fs=262+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>(homo sapiens sapiens)<+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314><|<|<|<|<| 130,000<><=Human Agriculture<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|12,000<=Mesopotamia<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<| 3000 0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o _d$$`Page 148a Basic Layoutk@BX //)<>Egypt - Old Kingdom<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<| 2500 BCE<=Akhenaten<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<| 1500<=Moses<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<| 1300<=<+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Zoroaster<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<| 1200<><=David<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<| 1000<=Josiah<| <|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|600<=Exile<| <|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|587<=Orphics<| <|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|500<=<+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Plato<| <|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|385<><=Alexander<| <|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|323<=Daniel<| <|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|165<=Essenes<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|100<=John the Baptist<| <|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<| 10<=<+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Jesus<| <|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|4<><=<=<|0000886{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=219}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @)4[!s'!s'""!<>Time Frame - Age of Earth vs. Civilization - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title NAME=Text1;_d$$`Page 136a Basic Layoutk@BV ! !<+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Paul<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<| <|<|<| 7 CE<|<=Augustine 354<=Aquinas<|<><|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>1225<><=Luther<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|1483<=<+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Calvin 1509<=Arminius <|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|1559<=Galileo<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|1564<=Newton<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|1642<=Leibniz<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|1646<><=Kant<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|1724<=<+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Darwin<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|1809<=Whitehead<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|1861<=Einstein<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|1879<><=Hick<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|1922<=Plantinga<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|1932<=0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @)4[!s'!s'  !<>Time Frame - Age of Earth vs. Civilization - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 149a Basic Layoutk@);[!s'!s'  !<>First Interlude (Prelude)<=Eternity to less than 1 second0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title@8B.Vu,u,<+fs=302+fe=33><=<=In the beginning when God created the heavens and the earth, the earth was a formless void and darkness covered the face of the deep, while a wind from God swept over the face of the waters.<+fs=293+fe=33> <+fs=293>(Gen: 1.1)<><=<=<+fs=400>The <+fs=400+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>interludes dispersed throughout<+fs=400> this course tell a story across time (from 15 Billion Years before the Present to the Near Future). <=<=Each one has <+fs=400+fe=32+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>an event<+fs=400>, explainable by <+fs=400+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>modern science<+fs=400>, <=which arises by chance and will affect an anticipated <=catastrophic <+fs=400+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>evil<+fs=400>. <><=<=<+fs=461>0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o _d$$`Page 161a Basic Layoutk@B`')')44.<>Infinite in all dimensions, the multi-verse had <=existed for all eternity. . . <=<=<=<=<+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>a reading . . .0000965{name=,r=150}{name=Level2,r=151}{name=Level3,r=152}{name=Level4,r=153}{name=Level5,r=154}o @)3[s's'<>First Interlude - Eternity to << 1 Second - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 186a Basic Layoutk@)0[qZ&Z&"q"q<>From Eternity<=to the First Few <=Microseconds0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title@:BU`XXR<>In less than a second, the<=quantum vacuum became <=a supersymmetry -<=<=then broke0000965{name=,r=120}{name=Level2,r=121}{name=Level3,r=122}{name=Level4,r=123}{name=Level5,r=124}o A8#$%)%)_d$$`Page 3a Basic Layoutk@)['m''m''<>Evil and the Bible0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title@B B/^V0/-/-00<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>In Genesis 2<>, evil entered the world because of Man's disobedience. <=<Level3>God was not at fault and hence was <Level3+fe=2>completely justified<Level3>. <=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Buddha<> was asking the same question. <+fs=302>(an aside - see next slide)<><=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Plato<> would arrive at a similar conclusion as the Buddha. <=<Level3>That no god was at fault, but also,<=Plato claimed that we all have an immortal soul. <=Plato's ideas entered the intertestamental Biblical texts. <=<>Too late to include in the <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Christian scriptures<>, the ideas of Plato, <=<Level2>however, did enter Church theology via the early Church Fathers.<=<Level4>Both <Level4+fe=33+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>natural immortality of the soul and resurrection of the body <Level4><=<Level5>currently offered an eschatological counter to the Problem of Evil. <=<Level2><=<>Some of the <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>attributes of God<> as found in Genesis 2 <=offer the latter day theist a way out of the <=Theodicy problem -- but with <+fe=2>consequences<>.0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o  NAME=Text1;_d$$`Page 16a Basic Layoutk@40`,,777<Level2>1. <Level2+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Suffering<Level2> exists in an endless cycle<=<=2. Suffering arises from ignorance (attachment to<=<Level3> desires)<=<Level2><=3. Suffering ceases when attachment to desire is<=<Level3> extinguished<=<Level2><=4. Freedom from suffering is possible by practicing the<=<Level3> <|Eightfold Path<=<=<Level3+fs=278>Those who don't achieve enlightenment are reborn to suffer according to the Law of Karma<Level3><=<>0000965{name=,r=195}{name=Level2,r=196}{name=Level3,r=197}{name=Level4,r=108}{name=Level5,r=198}o @)['m''m''<>Buddhism - Four Noble Truths0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title NAME=Text1;R!,<>Buddha's Enlightenment came in three stages during the night under the bodi tree:<=<=memory of all previous births<=saw that all humans were bound up in an endless cycle of suffering<=saw the interconnection of the entire universe and that all was flux with nothing permanent_d$$`Page 134a Basic Layoutk@J0`++OOO<> <|That leads from the unreal to the real<=<Level5+fs=288>Quality<|<|<|<|<|Eightfold Path <=<Level5+fs=249>____________________________________<=<Level5+fs=288><=Wisdom (panna)<|<|1. Right Understanding<=<|<|<|<|<|<|<|2. Right Thought<=<=Morality (sila)<|<|<|3. Right Speech<=<|<|<|<|<|<|<|4. Right Action<=<|<|<|<|<|<|<|5. Right Livelihood<=<=Meditation (samadhi)<|6. Right Effort<=<|<|<|<|<|<|<|7. Right Mindfulness<=<|<|<|<|<|<|<|8. Right Contemplation<Level5><=<>0000965{name=,r=214}{name=Level5,r=217}{name=Level2,r=196}{name=Level3,r=215}{name=Level4,r=216}o @)[ ' '!! <>The Eight-Fold Path0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title@8(`*}=#}=#5*5*5<>The Goal of Nirvana is: <+fs=314>neither annihilation nor absorption nor eternal life, but <+fs=280>something outside our categories of thought (compare quantum logic)<><= Is possible to be reached in this life0000965{name=,r=225}{name=Level3,r=227}{name=Level2,r=226}{name=Level4,r=228}{name=Level5,r=149}o R-<>Nirvana is not subject to our forms of time and space so it makes no sense to use those kinds of terms to describe it - try the ideas of quantum physics as analogous. <=<=Kant say we can know onlt the world of appearances or phenomena -- not the world as it really is.<=<=Words like "world" and "self" are simply terms that describe things, the reality of which, we must finally accept on faith <=<=Even modern physics does not claim to know the inner essense of empirical entities_d$$`Page 17a Basic Layoutk@)0[!s'!s'  !<>Some General Solutions to the Theodicy Problem0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title@B~`!$$!'<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Recent Natural Catastrophies<><=<Level2>- 9/11 attack<=- 2004 tsunami<=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Ways of Explaining Them<><=<Level2>- quotes from religious leaders, a reading . . .<=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>The Consistency Problem<><=<Level2>- goal of Theodicy: make logic consistent<=<><=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Various Historical Solutions0000965{name=,r=165}{name=Level2,r=166}{name=Level3,r=167}{name=Level4,r=168}{name=Level5,r=169}o _d$$`Page 42a Basic Layoutk@)+[s's'<>General Solutions to the Theodicy Problem0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title NAME=Text1;@BVf(f(}<+fs=461>Recent Natural Catastrophies and Some Responses<><=<=The Problem of Evil has generated many sad statements from <=fools and wise men alike. <=<=In response to the <+fe=32>horrific tsunami<> of 2004, <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>many religious <=leaders* stepped forward with their explaination for this <=great natural evil.<> <=<=*Christian<= Muslim<= Hindu<= Buddhist<=<+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Some readings . . .0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o  NAME=Text2;_d$$`Page 43a Basic Layoutk@ B`f}+}+LfLlF<>Calling upon the <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>wrathful God of the Old Testament<>, some leaders said: <=<="It was the judgment of God. . . They called down God's wrath on themselves." <=(attributed to Jerry Falwell). The same person had said after September 11, 2001 <=attacks on America: "I really believe that the pagans, and the abortionists, and the <=feminists, and the gays and the lesbians who are actively trying to make that an <=alternative lifestyle, the ACLU, People For the American Way, all of them who have <=tried to secularize America, I point the finger in their face and say: you helped this happen."<= <=Speaking of <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>destiny and reward, a Muslim<> leader said:<=<="We believe that everything is in the <+fe=1>taqdir<> - destiny - predetermined by Allah, the <=creator." and "God tests people through events on earth . . . tradegies can be a <=message from Allah . . . innocents who suffere in this life will be rewarded the <=Day of Judgment with a better position in heaven. . . in a worldly sense sense this is <=bad, but from the point of view of eternal life, it is for their benefit." (Imam Yusuf Kavakci of <=the Dallas Central Mosque). <=In the more recent tradgey of the earthquake that hit Pakistan and surrounding countries, <=an Imam spoke of divine retribution: "Whatever the scientists say, our Prophet said that <=when this earth is replete with sin, this would happen." (An Imam at the Illahi Mosque in <=Srinagar, India - quoted in <+fe=1>Time<>, Oct 17, 2005).<=<=<=0000965{name=,r=178}{name=Level2,r=175}{name=Level3,r=176}{name=Level4,r=179}{name=Level5,r=177}o @|.E[{++${${<>General Solutions to the Theodicy Problem - Ways of Explaining Them0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title NAME=Text1;_d$$`Page 44a Basic Layoutk@6B`++<><=Taking the <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>long view espoused by Hindus<>, one leader said: <=<="Whenever the cosmic order of life is disrupted, these events can happen." <=and "I am evolving into a higher state so I may not come back to this world. <=For that reason, I am praying that you take me to your abode." <=(as related by Pemmaraju N. Rao of the San Antonio Hindu Temple).<=<="I am not mind or the intellect. Nor am I the thought or the consuming ego. <=Neither am I the sense of hearing, tasting or seeing, for I am bliss. <=I am Shiva! I am Shiva!" (sang in the DFW Hindu Temple after the tsunami).<=<=In accord with the <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>godless religion of Sri Lankan Buddhism<>, there is no <=problem to reconcile with a good and powerful god because: <="It is not by any particular god" that such tragedies occur. . . "A compassionate <=god would never do anything like this." (Bhante Gunaratana of the Bhavana <=Society in West Virginia).<=<=<=0000965{name=,r=174}{name=Level2,r=170}{name=Level3,r=107}{name=Level4,r=172}{name=Level5,r=173}o @%}.M[,,""<>General Solutions to the Theodicy Problem - Ways of Explaining Them - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 46a Basic Layoutk@hB.qV~Xj,Xj,~~<>No shortages of <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>natural disasters and religious responses<> <=throughout history:<=<Level2>The <Level2+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>1755 Lisbon earthquake<Level2> kill over 100,000<=The <Level2+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>1347 Black Death<Level2> swept over Europe killing 1/3 of population <=The <Level2+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>influenza pandemic of 1918<Level2> kill over 40,000,000 people <= worldwide? <=<>For these and a thousand more examples, there were defenses <=of God put forward to explain His apparent reluctance to <=interfere in the devastations.<=<=It <+fe=2>only takes one such example*<> to impel the rational <=person to question the logic of the situation and, <=thus, was born the <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>problem of consistency<>.<=<=<+fs=262>* HIV, Alzheimers - earthquakes, hurricanes - screw flies, heart worms<><=<=0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @%.M[&,&,""<>General Solutions to the Theodicy Problem - Ways of Explaining Them - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 47a Basic Layoutk@BK-`**~~~<>The Theodicy Problem is primarily a <+fe=2>Logical<> problem. In logic, it is called the <=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>inconsistent triad<>, for example:<=<=<Level2>1 - The world contains instances of suffering<=2 - God exists and is omnipotent and omniscient<=3 - God exists and is perfectly good<=<><=An inconsistent triad is any three statements such that any two of them <=are taken together, <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>logically incompatible<> with the third proposition. <=<=- If propositions 1 and 2 are agreed to, the third must be rejected, <=- Not every one agrees that these particular propositions are inconsistent. <=- What if one or more statements <+fe=2>are not even true<>? <=- What if we can qualify the triad with a forth proposition? <=- This is, of course, the <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>goal of any Theodicy<> - to make<= any set of statements about God and evil reasonably consistent. <=0000965{name=,r=174}{name=Level2,r=170}{name=Level3,r=107}{name=Level4,r=172}{name=Level5,r=173}o @^.E[++""<>General Solutions to the Theodicy Problem - The Consistency Problem0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 18a Basic Layoutk@)[''UU<>Various Historical Solutions0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title NAME=Text1;@v 0`& ,& ,{{{<>1. <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Deny God.<> Deny the very existence of God. <=<Level3>Not really a theodicy since no justification of God is attempted. <=<><=2. <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Dualism.<> Evil is not of God's doing. <=<Level3>Assert that there is a duality in the cosmos between spirit and matter (flesh) or <=between good and evil. Satan is responsible.<=<><=3. <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>All are guilty due to free will.<> We all sin of our own free will and all are <=guilty and deserving of suffering. Freedom, a good, allows evil to occur.<=<Level3>Human guilt (original sin) is blamed on the Fall in Eden by <Level3+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>St. Augustine <Level3>(354-430 CE). <=Theologian <Level3+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Alvin Plantinga<Level3> is a modern proponent of Augustine's theory.<=<><=4. <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Means to an end - educational.<> Suffering is a tool God uses that serves <=the purpose of "soul-making" by providing a means of spiritual development. <=Pain causes us to recognize our need for God. <=<Level3>This solution was first suggested by <Level3+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>St. Irenaeus<Level3> (130-202 CE) and again in the <=twentieth century by theologian <Level3+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>John Hick<Level3>.0000965{name=,r=106}{name=Level3,r=171}{name=Level2,r=170}{name=Level4,r=172}{name=Level5,r=173}o _d$$`Page 14a Basic Layoutk@(BJ0VE,E,666<>5. <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Only temporary.<> This earthly life is short and there will be an <=afterlife to make up for our suffering. <=<Level3>This is the <Level3+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>eschatological <Level3>solution.<=<><=6. <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Illusionary.<> This world is not real and suffering is an illusion; <=it is only apparent. Alternatively, what appears evil is due to our <=lack of understanding God's bigger plan.<=<Level3>The <Level3+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Hindu/Buddhist<Level3> approach.<=<><=7. <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>The created is imperfect.<> The creator is the only perfect Being; <=therefore the created must be imperfect and thus capable of evil. <=The higher the Being, the more the goodness. Lack of <=Being, hence a lack of goodness, allows evil. <=Evil is really a privation of good (privatio boni). <=<Level3>This explanation of evil can be found in <Level3+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Plato, Plotinus and Augustine<Level3>.0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @)&['m''m''<>Various Historical Solutions - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title NAME=Text1;_d$$`Page 19a Basic Layoutk@@B]Vv+v+gga<>8. <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Deny the interaction of God with creation. <> Although God <=set the creation in motion, He has retired from active involvement. <=<Level3>This is the position of the <Level3+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Deists<Level3>.<=<><=9. <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Limit God.<> Deny some of God's conflicting attributes. This <=approach has been taked by some schools of the <=<Level3>Jewish mystical <Level3+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Kabbalah<Level3> and is held by many liberal and <Level3+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Evangelical <=Christians<Level3> today.<=<><=10. <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Time and Chance.<> Suffering or reward is not dependent on <=one's deeds but on the vagaries of time and chance as explained in <=<Level3+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Ecclesiastes 9:11<Level3> and alluded to in <Level3+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Luke 13:4<Level3>.0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @)&['m''m''<>Various Historical Solutions - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 40a Basic Layoutk@*B,RV**UUU<>11. <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319> Karma. <> This is similar to the "all are guilty" version above. <=However, with karma, the person suffers evil because of guilt he <=has accumulated in past incarnations. <=<Level3>This works well for the <Level3+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Eastern religions<Level3> and even <Level3+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Plato<Level3> <=suggested this. However, it is not appropriate for the God <=of the Hebrew or Christian Bible.<=<><=12. <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>It is a test.<> Sufferring is allowed to test one's faith.<=<Level3+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Job<Level3> is an example<=<><=13. <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Evil allows for second order virtues.<> Similar to <="soul making," in that we can develop some virtues <=(e.g., courage) only in response to some evil (e.g., war). Can't have one without the other. <=<=<=0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @)&['m''m''<>Various Historical Solutions - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 41a Basic Layoutk@BVW"-*"-* W ]<>14. <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>It is a mystery.<> An infinite Being is beyond our finite grasp. <=As spoken in Isaiah: "For my thoughts are not your thoughts, <=neither are your ways my ways, saith the Lord." <=<Level3>Therefore, it is wrong to even develop theodicies. Held by <Level3+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Reformed<Level3>.<=<><=15. <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Evil glorifies God. <> God decreed evil ultimately for <=His own glory. Therefore, it is sinful and un-Scriptural to <=propose any theodicies. <=<Level3>This is the position of the <Level3+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Calvinists<Level3>.<=<><=16. <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>God is unjust.<> God is not morally good. Few have <=dared to claim that God is evil. Rather, they claim that whatever <=God does is, by definition, beyond our moral ability to judge. <=<Level3>Some claim that since perfection implies no lack whatsoever, that <=God must not lack that which is evil.0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @)&['m''m''<>Various Historical Solutions - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 151a Basic Layoutk@"Y.?`j,j,@@@<>Two distinct types: <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>natural<> and human <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>moral<>.<=<=The most employed theodicy: human free will. <=Since it strikes a chord of truth. <=We are all sinners and deserve some punishments. <=Our forefather, Adam, committed the <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Original Sin of <=his own free will<>, and we all suffer as a result of that <=first fault.<=<=That <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>accounts for moral evil<>, (murder, stealing, greed). <=But, how sin of humanity allow for <+fe=2>natural<> (or physical) evil? 0000965{name=,r=120}{name=Level2,r=121}{name=Level3,r=122}{name=Level4,r=123}{name=Level5,r=124}o @)['m''m''<>Types of Evil0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title NAME=Text1;_d$$`Page 159a Basic Layoutk@BVuK+K+u{<>What has <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>human free will and original sin<> to do with viruses, <=hurricanes, floods and tsunamis? <= <=<Level2>Why do <Level2+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>animals<Level2> suffer? <=<=Why was there suffering for millions of years <Level2+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>before humans<Level2> came <=on the scene? <=<=Why are natural evils so <Level2+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>indiscriminate<Level2>, harming the good and <=bad alike? <=<=Why are natural evils so <Level2+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>harsh<Level2>?<=<><=Wouldn't a <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>lighter touch suffice<> for a testing or punishment from <=a good God? 0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @)['m''m''<>Types of Evil - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 170a Basic Layoutk@)4[s's'<>Second Interlude - 15 Billion Years Before Present0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title@BBVs)s)44.<+fs=305+fe=33>Then God said, 'Let there be light'; and there was light. <=And God saw that the light was good; and God separated the <=light from the darkness. God called the light Day, and the <=darkness he called Night. And there was evening and there <=was morning, the first day. (Gen 1:3)<><=<=<=<+fs=549>The inflating fluctuation continued to cool and <=one by one the various forces froze out <=of the homogenous universe. . .<><=<=<+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>a reading . . .0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o _$$`Page 58a Basic Layoutk@)['m''m''<>END OF 1ST WEEK0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title@B"`i i llf<>Do Review and <=<=Go To 2nd Week0000965{name=,r=229}{name=Level2,r=230}{name=Level3,r=231}{name=Level4,r=232}{name=Level5,r=233}o _d$$`Page 51a Basic Layoutk@o.r[^&,^&,q$q$^<+fe=34>Optional <>Reading for Weeks 1& 2 in --<=<+fs=487+fe=1>Christianity: 5000 Years of History and Development0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title NAME=Text2;@B `))<>Pages: <=3-7<=9-14<=35-38<=47-50<=63-64<=75-76<=<+fs=355>less than 23 pages!<><=<=114-124<=129-131<=145-151<=69-74<=76-82<=<+fs=355>a mere 34 pages!0000965{name=,r=239}{name=Level2,r=240}{name=Level3,r=241}{name=Level4,r=242}{name=Level5,r=243}o  NAME=Text1;@{ x[D#D#iii<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Week 3<><=<=83 - 87<=92 - 111<=153 - 159<=160 - 161<=169 - 178<=181 - 183<=<=About 49 pages0000910{name=,r=58}{name=Level2,r=59}{name=Level3,r=60}{name=Level4,r=61}{name=Level5,r=62}o _$$`Page 50a Basic Layoutk@))[s's'<>Accessing My Web Site for Presentations0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title@BVu(u({"<+fs=530>http://pages.prodigy.net/gstilwel<><=<=Click on LINK to POE class <=<=Click to Download the week_1_presentation file<=<=Save it as HTML<=<=Open it with either:<= Lotus Freelance or<= Microsoft Power Point<=<=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Web Address is on my business card0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o _d$$`Page 52aTitlek@ [c)c)dd 4<>The Problem of Evil:0000910{name=,r=17}{name=Level2,r=18}{name=Level3,r=19}{name=Level4,r=20}{name=Level5,r=21}o Presentation title@%[[)[)<>Theodicy and Modern Science0000910{name=,r=22}{name=Level2,r=23}{name=Level3,r=24}{name=Level4,r=25}{name=Level5,r=26}o Presentation subtitle@ [A ) ) A A <> Dr. Gary A. Stilwell0000910{name=,r=53}{name=Level2,r=54}{name=Level3,r=55}{name=Level4,r=56}{name=Level5,r=57}o e@V\ \ @@<>Click here to add clip art0000864{name=,r=9}{name=Level2,r=9}{name=Level3,r=9}{name=Level4,r=9}{name=Level5,r=9}o @B`ememc c ] <>-- 2nd Week --0000965{name=,r=234}{name=Level2,r=235}{name=Level3,r=236}{name=Level4,r=237}{name=Level5,r=238}o _d$$`Page 163a Basic Layoutk@-'[![+![+  !<>The Problem of Evil in Ancient Israel0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title9$(@9 7[ vv  <>Moses<=1300 BCE<=Received the Torah (Teaching or Law)0000910{name=,r=83}{name=Level2,r=83}{name=Level3,r=83}{name=Level4,r=83}{name=Level5,r=83}o @,'\>*>*777<>Again I saw that under the sun the race is not to the swift, nor the battle to the strong, nor bread to the wise, nor riches to the intelligent, nor favor to the skillful; but time and chance happen to them all. <= <|<|<|<|<|<|<|<| Eccl 9:11-12<=0000921{name=,r=218}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=219}{name=Level4,r=105}{name=Level5,r=5}o  NAME=Text1;_d$$`Page 22a Basic Layoutk@)#[s's'<>Kingdom of <=David (ca. 1000 BCE)0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title@B`} } TTN<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Israel<><=<+fs=356>Northern Kingdom<><=<=Split after Solomon<=<=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Judah<><=<+fs=356>Southern Kingdom0000965{name=,r=120}{name=Level2,r=121}{name=Level3,r=122}{name=Level4,r=123}{name=Level5,r=124}o ?&"dQ } }?&"dfx8-m?&"d \ y  yt G @B ``'`'<>Jerusalem0000965{name=,r=120}{name=Level2,r=121}{name=Level3,r=122}{name=Level4,r=123}{name=Level5,r=124}o ?&"d}m<s  _d$$`Page 21a Basic Layoutk@)%[r'r'<>Biblical Mid-East - 7th Century BCE0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title9$(@9B[P'P'n<>Joshia's (ca. <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>620 BCE<>) Reforms - YHWH proclaimed the One God to be worshipped only in the Temple0000910{name=,r=84}{name=Level2,r=84}{name=Level3,r=84}{name=Level4,r=84}{name=Level5,r=84}o #$@#;[NN  <>Israel/<=Judah 0000910{name=,r=85}{name=Level2,r=85}{name=Level3,r=85}{name=Level4,r=85}{name=Level5,r=85}o @U[UU<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>722 BCE<> -<=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Israel destroyed<> by Assyria<=<=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>586 BCE<> -<=Temple in <=Judah<=destroyed<=and<=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Exile<> to<=Babylon0000910{name=,r=86}{name=Level2,r=87}{name=Level3,r=88}{name=Level4,r=89}{name=Level5,r=90}o ?&:d( e]@?&:d/ Ko   ?&:d + e_d$$`Page 164a Basic Layoutk@ Bz`("+("+<>You who live in the shelter of the Most High, who abide in the shadow of the Almighty, <=will say to the LORD, "My refuge and my fortress; my God, in whom I trust." <= . . .<=You will not fear the terror of the night, or the arrow that flies by day, or the pestilence that <=stalks in darkness, or the destruction that wastes at noonday. <= . . .<=Because you have made the LORD your refuge, the Most High your dwelling place, <=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>no evil shall befall you<>, no scourge come near your tent. <=<=For he will command his angels concerning you to guard you in all your ways. <=On their hands they will bear you up, so that you will not dash your foot against a stone. <=You will tread on the lion and the adder, the young lion and the serpent you will trample <=under foot. <=<=Those who love me, I will deliver; <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>I will protect those who know my name<>. <=When they call to me, I will answer them; I will be with them in trouble, <=I will rescue them and honor them. With long life I will satisfy them,<=and show them my salvation. <=<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|<|Psalm 91:1-16<=0000965{name=,r=220}{name=Level2,r=175}{name=Level3,r=176}{name=Level4,r=221}{name=Level5,r=177}o @)I['m''m''<>The Promise of Protection <+fs=423+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>a reading . . .0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title NAME=Text1;A"#$++. . _d$$`Page 165a Basic Layoutk@B`F*F*}<>As long as they were <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>polytheistic<>, there was no problem. When Yahweh <=became the only God, then it became an obvious problem.<=<=Apparent as the centuries passed that God's people were not getting their <=promised just desserts. The beautiful assurances of God's protection in the <=91st Psalm was <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>more hope than fact<>. <=<=The evil were prospering and the good were plagued with evil. <=So, how is the <+fe=2>justice of God<> explained? <=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Throughout the Bible, the problem of evil keeps coming to the fore and <=there <>were at least <+fe=2>three successive major attempts<> to explain the <=justice of God as illustrated by the:<= <=<Level2>1 - Book of <Level2+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Job<Level2>, <=2 - the <Level2+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Prophets<Level2>, <=3 - and the <Level2+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Maccabean<Level2> stories.0000965{name=,r=106}{name=Level2,r=170}{name=Level3,r=171}{name=Level4,r=172}{name=Level5,r=173}o @)['m''m''<>Theodicy in Ancient Israel0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 166a Basic Layoutk@BVI*I*yys<><=And Job repented in dust and ashes (Job 42:6).<=<=What had Job done that he needed to so repent?<=<=One of the most poignant stories in the Hebrew Bible is the tale <=of Job, a good man who failed to get the rewards promised in the<=Psalm and especially the book of Deuteronomy (<+fe=3>note next slide<>). <= <=Some have claimed it to be the <+fe=2>first theodicy<> in the <=Western World. Let's <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>review it<> to see if that is so.<=<=<+fs=302>* written before the Exile around the 6th century BCE<><=0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @) ['m''m''<>The Book of Job* - a Theodicy?0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 167a Basic Layoutk@ B/`9u,9u,eee<>The <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Deuteronomist had promised the people rewards<> in the form of earthly benefits for being righteous and, conversely, promised penalties for sinfulness: <=I the LORD your God am a jealous God, <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>punishing children <=for the iniquity of parents<>, to the third and fourth generation of those <=who reject me, but <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>showing steadfast love to the thousandth generation <><=of those who love me and keep my commandments (Dt 5:9-10). <=<=See, I have set before you today life and prosperity, death and adversity. <=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>If you obey the commandments<> of the LORD your God that I am commanding you today, by loving the LORD your God, walking in his ways, and <=observing his commandments, decrees, and ordinances, <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>then you shall <=live and become numerous, and the LORD your God will bless you<> in the<=land that you are entering to possess. <=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>But if your heart turns away<> and you do not hear, but are led astray to bow down to other gods and serve them, I declare to you today that you shall perish; you <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>shall not live long <>in the land that you are crossing the Jordan to enter and possess" (Dt 30:15-18).0000965{name=,r=106}{name=Level2,r=170}{name=Level3,r=171}{name=Level4,r=172}{name=Level5,r=173}o @#)L[!s'!s'JJ!<>The Promise of Deuteronomy <=<+fs=487+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>A reading . . .0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title4:#$,,77_d$$`Page 24a Basic Layoutk@)['m''m''<>The Story of Job0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title NAME=Text1;@8 BT` =,=,H HB<>Job was a righteous man who walked in the ways of the Lord Yahweh. <=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>The Satan wagered God<> that Job's worship depended on good fortune. <=God then allowed one misfortune after another to fall upon Job.<=<=Job suffers loss of farm animals by <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Sabeans<>, sheep and servants <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>by fire<>. <=Then Job loses camels, servants by <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Chaldeans<> and children to a <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>great wind.<> <=Note: evils fall into two classes: the immorality of <+fe=2>men<> and the vagaries of <+fe=2>nature<>.<=<=Job still blesses God with the beautiful words: <=<Level2>"the Lord gave, and the Lord has taken away; blessed be the name of the Lord" <=(Job 1:21). <=<>Because he remains faithful to Yahweh, he <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>has invited further tests<>. <= <=Satan had been forbidden to lay a hand on Job himself in the first round. <=Now, Satan is given free reign over the person of Job himself. <=His attack is so vicious that Job longs for death to be free of his pain.<=<=<=<=0000965{name=,r=106}{name=Level2,r=170}{name=Level3,r=171}{name=Level4,r=172}{name=Level5,r=173}o _d$$`Page 28a Basic Layoutk@PBeVU%-U%-IIC<>In the Book of Deuteronomy , good fortune, a long life, and many <=descendants were promised to all who lived in righteousness <=and worshipped the one supreme God. <=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>In spite of all evidence to the contrary, the Israelites continued <=to believe the Deuteronomist' promises. <><=As a corollary, just deserts were also promised for <+fe=2>unrighteousness<>. <=Thus <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>added to Job's agony were the taunts of his friends<> <=saying that he obviously must have sinned against God in <=order that these evils befell him, since that was, after all, the <=accepted reason for a person's misfortune.<=<=<+fe=32+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Job knew he was innocent<> and challenged his friends <=and <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>demanded an accounting from God<> for failing <=to live up to the Deuteronomist promises. <=0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @)['m''m''<>The Story of Job - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title NAME=Text1;_d$$`Page 31a Basic Layoutk@B8V?T,?T,  <+fe=32+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>He asked that God justify His ways to Man<> -- to Job himself. <=But first he has to put up with an extended tirade from Elihu, <=who is the only person in the story that makes any attempt to <=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>explain the evils<> that come from God by making the argument that <=God sends afflictions in order <+fe=2>to instruct us<> in the ways of <=righteousness. This, of course, is a complete non-sequiter in that <=Job was in no such need. <=Nevertheless, centuries later, we will see this argument arise <=again and again. <=<=<+fe=32+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>God presented Himself<> before Job and made no effort<=whatever to justify His actions. Instead, He chided <=Job with a litany of sarcastic questions: "Where were <=you when I laid the foundations of the earth?" 0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @)['m''m''<>The Story of Job - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 29a Basic Layoutk@B}V,,<>In other words: I created the world and all that is in it, including you. <=So, who are you to ask for justification from Me?<=<=The ancient Israelites who penned the story of Job were asking: <=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Whence evil<>? If God is in His heaven, why is all not right with the <=world? They would continue to hold on to the promises of <=Deuteronomy, but they knew something was not right. <=<=God obviously caused everything since He was the <=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>sovereign<> power in the universe; therefore He <=caused both good and evil. <=<=Where was the <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>justice<>?<=<=0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @)['m''m''<>The Story of Job - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 34a Basic Layoutk@^BV!*!*<>This story <+fe=2>cannot <>rightly be called a Theodicy since God <=makes no attempt to justify Himself. <=<=He simply asks Job: "Where were you when I laid the foundation <=of the earth?" In other words, who are you to question me? <=<=The ways of God are beyond Job's grasp and it is not for us mere <=humans to understand, but simply to believe and trust. <=<=Job can only <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>accept the mysteries of God's bigger picture <><=and "repent in dust and ashes."0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @)['m''m''<>The Story of Job - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 168a Basic Layoutk@XBVH+H+<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Pre-Exilic Prophets<><=<=After Deuteronomy and Job, and before the Exile, we find most <=of the writings of the great prophets*. So much grief had and was <=about to come upon the Israelites that the majority of the <=prophetic writings might be considered <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>an attempt at <=justifying why God allowed it<>. <=<=* Isaiah <|<|ca. 700, 540,520 BCE, <= Jeremiah <|ca. 610 BCE<= Ezekiel <|<|ca. 563 BCE - composed at start of Exile0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @)['m''m''<>The Prophets0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 130a Basic Layoutk@)/[s's'<>The Reforms of Josiah - Deuteronomist History0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title@,[++<+fe=0>The monarchy had split in 925 BCE into Israel and Judah<=<+fe=0+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Israel<+fe=0> was destroyed in 722 BCE by Assyrians<=<+fs=364+fe=0+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Judah<+fs=364+fe=0> was vassal to Assyria, but gained temporary independence <= <|ca. 612 BCE<+fe=0><=<+fe=2+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Josiah<+fe=0> flourished as king of Judah ca. 620 BCE <+fs=311+fe=0>(2 Kings 22 & 23)<><=<Level2+fs=341+fe=32>Centralized religious practice in Jerusalem<=Discovered a new book of the Law (Deuteronomy?)<=Banned religious practices:<Level2+fe=32><=<Level3+fs=320+fe=32>belief in other gods (YHWH only),<=idolatry, high places<Level3+fe=32><=<Level2+fs=341+fe=32>He was killed by Necho, aiding Assyria, in 609 BCE at Megiddo <= <|(Armageddon - hill of Megiddo)<Level2+fs=341><=<Level2><=<+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Babylon<> defeated Assyria in 612, Egypt retreated<=The <+fe=32>Exiles<> occurred in 597 and <+fs=475>587<> BCE0000910{name=,r=79}{name=Level2,r=80}{name=Level3,r=99}{name=Level4,r=81}{name=Level5,r=82}o  NAME=Text1;_d$$`Page 131a Basic Layoutk@)['m''m''<>Pre-Exilic Judaism0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title NAME=Text1;@#-[{**{{<+fs=461>Temple cult had grown as result of Josiah's reforms and <+fs=461+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Jeremiah<+fs=461> arose to claim that Yahweh <+fs=458>would<+fs=461> reject his people and the Temple would be destroyed, which it was in the Exile (Babylonian Captivity) of 587/6 BCE.<=<=The Prophets had a good explanation for the justice of God. They claimed that the <+fs=461+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>people suffered because they failed to live up to their part of the covenant<+fs=461> between God and Israel. <=<=<+fs=325>How can I pardon you? Your children have forsaken me, and have <=sworn by those who are no gods. . . Shall I not punish them <=for these things? (Jeremiah 5: 7-9)0000910{name=,r=96}{name=Level2,r=97}{name=Level5,r=68}{name=Level3,r=98}{name=Level4,r=67}o _d$$`Page 132a Basic Layoutk@JBV**<+fs=400>Here, God is indeed living up to the promises of Deuteronomy. <=He is punishing His people for their sins and iniquities. <=God is <+fs=400+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>entirely just in allowing the evil of Babylon<+fs=400> to happen. <=This explains the negative things that happen to those who<= Jeremiah believes to be bad people. <=<=But, <+fs=400+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>what of the good people in Judah<+fs=400>? <=There were none, for in Jeremiah 5: 1-6, all of the inhabitants, <=<+fs=397>"all alike had broken the yoke, they had burst the bonds"<+fs=529> <=<+fs=400>of God's covenant.<=<=<+fs=461><=<+fs=400>The <+fs=400+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Persians<+fs=400> would shortly rescue them from exile. <><=0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @)['m''m''<>Pre-Exilic Judaism0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 169a Basic Layoutk@BFVt*t*<><=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Post-Exilic Prophets<><=<=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Cyrus the Great<> of Persia, now proclaimed to be the messiah in <=Isaiah, would free the Israelites to return home and help them <=rebuild the Temple. He also ushered in a benevolent rule over <=Judah that was to last for 200 years. <=0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @)['m''m''<>The Prophets - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title NAME=Text1;_d$$`Page 171a Basic Layoutk@BVb-b-nn h<+fs=461>This post-exile Persian rule helped introduce these, <=among others, <+fs=461+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>new concepts<+fs=461> from Persian Zoroastrianism, <=all of which have been included in various theodicies:<><=<=<Level2+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>The principle of evil (Devil).<Level2> In the early Bible texts, God is the <=maker of both good and evil, whereas in the Biblical texts <=written after ca. 300 BCE, God is wholly good and Satan is <=responsible for evil.<=<><=<Level2+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Apocalyptic, Last Judgment, Last Days.<Level2> Apocalypse <=means an "unveiling" or "revelation", a pulling back <=of the curtain of illusion to reveal ultimate reality.<= <=<>0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @)['m''m''<>The Prophets - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title NAME=Text1;_d$$`Page 172a Basic Layoutk@\BkV.).)<Level2+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>The Resurrection at the end of time.<Level2> This concept is definitely <=first noted in the book of Daniel ca. 165 BCE.<=<><=The post-exile <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Persian<> period (Cyrus 539 BCE) marks the <=beginning of the <+fe=2>second Temple period<> and likely marks the <=<+fe=2>beginning of Judaism<>.<=<=<=<=<=<=0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @)['m''m''<>The Prophets - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 173a Basic Layoutk@B*Vo,(,(oo<>The <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Prophets do provide a reasonable Theodicy <+fe=0+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311>since<> the <=entire Hebrew Bible is filled with the failures of the people to <=follow God's commandments. <=As long as all were <+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>corporately<> deemed guilty of apostasy, <=this justification of evil worked. <=<=However, there would come a time when <+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>individuals<> were <=enduring great suffering and even giving their lives to follow <=the Laws of God. <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Where was God's reward for these very <=righteous people?<> The older explanations no longer <=answered for the moral evils that were occurring and <=something had to take their place.<=<=Something would during the <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Greek<> period.0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @)['m''m''<>The Prophets - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 175a Basic Layoutk@s.s](++((<+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Greek<> period (post 332 BCE) introduced Greek ideas<=<|<|<+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Plato's<> concept of the <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>soul introduced<> (in Wisdom of Solomon <= ca. 25 BCE)<= <+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Philo<> (c. 20 CE) attempted to reconcile Judaism and Greek<= philosophy<=<|<|<+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Sects<> arose mid-2nd century BCE: <=<|<|<|<+fe=2>Pharisees<> - accepted last judgment, resurrection, angels,<= heaven, hell<=<|<|<|<+fe=2>Sadducees<> - did not<=<|<|<|<+fe=2>Essenes<> - rejected Hellenization and the sympathizers, <|<|<|<|<| apocalyptic sect expecting coming of Kingdom<=<|<|<|<+fs=394+fe=2>Jesus Movement<+fs=394> - rejected the hypocrisy of <= many of the Pharisees and Sadducees. <= Preached the coming of the Kingdom of God.0000932{name=,r=223}{name=Level4,r=51}{name=Level5,r=95}{name=Level2,r=92}{name=Level3,r=224}o @)2[s's'<>Post-Exilic Judaism - Hellenistic (Greek) Period0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 176a Basic Layoutk@)['m''m''<>Hebrew Bible Eschatology0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title@Y+[,E)E),,<>The <+fe=32>apocalyptic eschatology<> came late to the Jews<=<Level2+fs=294+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Ezekial<Level2+fs=294> (c. 560 BCE) prophesied reconstituted nation for exiles<=<Level2+fs=294+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Second Isaiah<Level2+fs=294> (c.540) prophesied transformation of the world with Yahweh as king<= (Is. 45:1 calls Cyrus the Messiah for delivering them from exile)<= <Level3><=<>But, the first true apocalypses are in <+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Daniel<> (c. 165 BCE) due<= to the horrors of the Maccabean War with Syria caused by<= the <+fs=337+fe=32+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Abomination of Desolation.<><=<Level2+fs=322>A personal resurrection, judgment and reward or punishment<=<><=Only the <+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Essenes<> would make it central to their beliefs<=<=<+fs=294><=<=<=<=<><=<=And then, <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319+sd=1>Jesus<> came proclaiming the end of the age . . .0000910{name=,r=91}{name=Level2,r=92}{name=Level3,r=93}{name=Level4,r=94}{name=Level5,r=95}o _d$$`Page 177a Basic Layoutk@)['m''m''<>The Maccabean Stories0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title NAME=Text1;@B`p 7+p 7+$$<>The Greek period, after the conquests of Alexander the <=Great (post 332 BCE) introduced <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Greek ideas into <=Judaism; the main one being Plato's concept of the <=immortal soul,<> which was incorporated into the <=Wisdom of Solomon (ca. 25 BCE).0000965{name=,r=120}{name=Level2,r=121}{name=Level3,r=122}{name=Level4,r=123}{name=Level5,r=124}o _d$$`Page 178a Basic Layoutk@BC` ) )bb\<>During the Syrian Persecutions of Antiochus <=(ca. 165 BCE), the martyrs for the cause of Law and <=Temple were seen to receive no reward as promised <=by Deuteronomy in this life so, <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>if there is no reward <=now, it must <+fe=34+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>come later<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>! 0000965{name=,r=120}{name=Level2,r=121}{name=Level3,r=122}{name=Level4,r=123}{name=Level5,r=124}o @)['m''m''<>The Maccabean Stories - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 179a Basic Layoutk@)['m''m''<>The Maccabean Stories - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title NAME=Text1;@B`}+}+<>One only has to read <+fe=1>2 Maccabees<> to see that the <=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>resurrection doctrine<> had come to the fore in the <=thinking of the martyrs due to their steadfastness <=against the Syrian enemy. <=<=The writer or editor of chapter six offers his commentary <=on the <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>reasons for suffering <>of the Jews:<=<=<+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>A Reading . . .0000965{name=,r=120}{name=Level2,r=121}{name=Level3,r=122}{name=Level4,r=123}{name=Level5,r=124}o _d$$`Page 155a Basic Layoutk@BV**|<>The horrors of the details of the torture and death of <=the martyred are so intense that the writer has to offer <=an explanation as to why God is allowing these things <=to happen. He falls back on the <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>idea of God's corrective <=discipline for sin, which is a perfectly good rationale <=for a Theodicy<>. <=<= However, the story of <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>chapter seven<> seems to <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>offer something <=else <>as these excerpts show:<=<=<=<+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>A reading . . .<=0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @)![!s'!s'  !<>The Maccabean Stories - cont.<=0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 174a Basic Layoutk@bV*N**N*..(<>Clearly, the statement of <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Theodicy of 2 Macc 6:12-16 <=is countered<> by the events of the rest of the verses of <=chapter seven. <=<=<+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Suffering is not due to sin<>; rather, it is due to <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>the evils of men<>.<= <=However, <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>now there is a reward for suffering<> - <=<= a <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>resurrection<> to eternal life.0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @)['m''m''<>The Maccabean Stories - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 180a Basic Layoutk@:BR-ZVN)*)*NN<><=But <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>not all Jews accepted this new teaching<>. They were divided into various sects, each of whom believed different things. Some were still convinced of the correctness of the Deuteronomistic promise. <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319> Others would acept the new teachings as part of their theodicies.<><=<=Pharisees and Sadducees<=<=Sects arose in mid-second century BCE as a response to <=Hellenism. Under the Maccabean successor, John Hyrcanus* <=(ca. 134 - 104 BCE), these opposing factions came into being:<=<=<+fs=293>* Descendent of Maccabees (Hasmonean family)<>0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @)+[s's'<>The Jewish Sects of the First Century BCE0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 181a Basic Layoutk@BVn'n'<>The <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Pharisee<>s were the "middle class" lay teachers who <=rejected Hellenism and <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>accepted the foreign doctrines<> of: <=the last judgment, resurrection, angels, heaven, and hell.<=(afterlife)<=<=The <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>Sadducees<> were rich and highborn who wanted to <=accept Hellenism and who rejected the Pharisee concepts <=as un-Biblical. The <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>afterlife, the Post-Exilic (Persian) <=resurrection was not contained in the first five <=books of the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament)<>, <=therefore the conservative Sadducees refused <=such a belief. (held to Deuteronomy)0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o @)['m''m''<>Pharisees and Sadducees0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 182a Basic Layoutk@)['m''m''<>The Essenes (the pious)0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title NAME=Text1;@B*4\O;);)|O|O|<>One of four sects named by Josephus in <+fe=1>Jewish War<> and <+fe=1>Antiquities of the Jews (written ca. 75 and 94 CE)<+fe=2><=<=<+fe=0>Not mentioned in the Bible<=<=Emerged during the 2nd century BCE (ca. before 110 BCE)<=<=Thought to be the sect of the <+fe=2>Dead Sea Scrolls<+fe=0> <=of Qumran<=<=<= 0000921{name=,r=58}{name=Level2,r=59}{name=Level3,r=43}{name=Level4,r=61}{name=Level5,r=222}o _d$$`Page 183a Basic Layoutk@)!['m''m''<>The Essenes (the pious) - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title NAME=Text1;@B2V&&llf<>They had <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>much in common with early Christianity<>: <=<Level2>expectation of the Kingdom of Yahweh, <=baptism, <=sacred meals, <=a Messiah figure, <=an apocalyptic day of judgment with rewards and penalties, <=the final victory of good (light) over evil (darkness), <=angelology and demonology, <=poverty and, <=like Jesus, they denied divorce. <=<><=The doctrines that provide the surest <+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>link from Zoroaster <><=through Judaism to Christianity are:<=<=<Level2>Apocalyptic eschatology and Dualism <=<>0000864{name=,r=1}{name=Level2,r=2}{name=Level3,r=3}{name=Level4,r=4}{name=Level5,r=5}o _d$$`Page 27a Basic Layoutk@)!['l''l''<>The Essenes (the pious) - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title@B+`,**,,<>The Eschatological War:<=<=<Level2+fs=446>will be fought between the Sons of Light and the<=Sons of Darkness (dualism)<=<=<Level2+fs=387+fe=0+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>A reading<Level2+fs=387+fe=0+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311> <Level2+fs=387+fe=0+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>. . . <Level2+fs=387+fe=0+fc=311+f2=311+f2=311> from a <Level2+fs=387+fe=2+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>Dead Sea Scroll . . .<=<Level2+fs=387> Community Rule 4:15- (practically quotes Gathas)<=<="The nature of all . . . be ruled by these two spirits . . . "0000965{name=,r=100}{name=Level2,r=101}{name=Level5,r=104}{name=Level3,r=102}{name=Level4,r=103}o  NAME=Text1;_d$$`Page 185a Basic Layoutk@)![s's'<>The Essenes (the pious) - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title NAME=Text1;@%B+[-))[-[-[<>The raising of the dead was a doctrine that was developing<= among some Jewish sects in the 2nd century.<=<=A Dead Sea Scroll has an amazing <+fe=2>correlation<> with the <= teachings of Jesus:<=<=<Level2>"And he will glorify the pious on the throne of the <Level2+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>eternal Kingdom<Level2>.<=. . .<=And the Lord will accomplish glorious things which have never<=been as . . .<=For he will <Level2+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314>heal the wounded, and <Level2+fe=32+fc=319+f2=319+f2=319>revive the dead<Level2+fc=314+f2=314+f2=314> and<= bring good news to the poor<Level2>."<=<Level5> Scroll 4Q521 dated to ca. 90 BCE<=<=<>Compare to Isa 61:1 and Matt 11:4-5 and Luke 7:22-230000910{name=,r=91}{name=Level2,r=92}{name=Level5,r=95}{name=Level3,r=93}{name=Level4,r=94}o _d$$`Page 32a Basic Layoutk@)![r'r'<>The Essenes (the pious) - cont.0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title@BU.[>,,>><>Was Jesus an Essene?<=<=No, there are also major <+fe=2>differences<>:<=<=<Level2>exclusive and secretive<=<=believed in the Platonic immortal soul and its preexistence<=<=sticklers for the Law0000910{name=,r=58}{name=Level2,r=59}{name=Level3,r=60}{name=Level4,r=61}{name=Level5,r=62}o _d$$`Page 187a Basic Layoutk@B`++  <>Apocalyptic eschatology would provide the best theodicy<=<=<=Until . . .<=<=It was rejected by the Christian Fathers within a few <=centuries of the founding of Pauline Christianity.0000965{name=,r=120}{name=Level2,r=121}{name=Level3,r=122}{name=Level4,r=123}{name=Level5,r=124}o @)['m''m''<>Theodicy Based on Eschatology0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 188a Basic Layoutk@) ['m''m''<>End Judaism0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title_d$$`Page 20a Basic Layoutk@)['m''m''<>End of Slides0000910{name=,r=16}{name=Level2,r=32}{name=Level3,r=35}{name=Level4,r=34}{name=Level5,r=33}o  Page title@FB[`))SSM<>END OF SLIDES FOR THIS SECTION<=<=Switch to next slide set and<= start with 3rd Interlude0000965{name=,r=190}{name=Level2,r=191}{name=Level3,r=192}{name=Level4,r=193}{name=Level5,r=194}o _